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"Artificial Intelligence is a branch of Science which deals with helping machines find solutions to complex problems in a more human-like fashion. This generally involves borrowing characteristics from human intelligence, and applying them as algorithms in a computer friendly way. A more or less flexible or efficient approach can be taken depending on the requirements established, which influences how artificial the intelligent behaviour appears.." Artificial Intelligence Depot
AI Resources (American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI))
One of the big questions of science is "What is intelligence?" Artificial intelligence is the study of intelligence--in machines and, through computers, in people. Much of the general information listed in this section is concerned with the nature of the science and the question of whether computers can think. Most of the other pages in About AI are concerned with how to build computers that think.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the area of computer science focusing on creating machines that can engage on behaviors that humans consider intelligent. The ability to create intelligent machines has intrigued humans since ancient times, and today with the advent of the computer and 50 years of research into AI programming techniques, the dream of smart machines is becoming a reality. Researchers are creating systems which can mimic human thought, understand speech, beat the best human chessplayer, and countless other feats never before possible. Find out how the military is applying AI logic to its hi-tech systems, and how in the near future Artificial Intelligence may impact our lives.
An AI program that models the nuances of the human thought process or solves complicated real-world problems can be complex. Languages for building AI programs have the capacity to that take care of low-level computing processes, thus allowing the developer to focus on the requisite complexity. AI programs work with concepts expressed in words, phrases, or sentences. Therefore, the ability to handle symbolic (i.e., non-numeric) data is an important feature. To develop an AI system, a programmer tries numerous ways of implementing each constituent function. Rather than go through a lengthy edit-compile-debug cycle to test each rendition of a function, an AI language should allow the programmer to quickly see the results of a new idea. Languages that feature interactive programming address this need. Programmer can not anticipated the exact type or quantity of data that flows through a program, so the must adapt on the fly. A language that incorporates flexible data structures allows this happen in an easy, natural way. Many types of inference processes recur throughout an AI applications. A language that has one or more of these processes built-in can save time and effort.
A collection of emerging information technologies inspired by the qualitative nature of biologically based information processing which is found in the nervous system, human reasoning, human decision making, and natural selection. These include artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, evolutionary computation, knowledge-based systems, and artificial intelligence and draw on the advances in neuroscience, cognitive science, and computer science.
CYC is the name of a very large, multi-contextual knowledge base and inference engine, the development of which started at the Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation (MCC) in Austin, Texas during the early 1980s.
"To understand what automated reasoning is, we must first understand what reasoning is. Reasoning is the process of drawing conclusions from facts. For the reasoning to be sound, these conclusions must follow inevitably from the facts from which they are drawn. In other words, reasoning [...] is not concerned with some conclusion that has a good chance of being true when the facts are true. Indeed, reasoning as used here refers to logical reasoning, not of common-sense reasoning or probabilistic reasoning. The only conclusions that are acceptable are those that follow logically from the supplied facts. The object of automated reasoning is to write computer programs that assist in solving problems and in answering questions requiring reasoning. The assistance provided by an automated reasoning program is available in two different modes. You can use such a program in an iterative fashion; that is, you can instruct it to draw some conclusions and present them to you, and then, based on your analysis of the conclusions, it can in the next run execute your new set of instructions. Or you can use such a program in a batch mode; that is, you can assign it an entire reasoning task and await the final result." (Larry Wos; Ross Overbeek; Ewing Lusk; Jim Boyle: Automated reasoning: Introduction and Applications. McGraw Hill 1992.)
The Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence (NCARAI) has been involved in both basic and applied research in artificial intelligence since its inception in 1982. NCARAI, part of the Information Technology Division within the Naval Research Laboratory, is engaged in research and development efforts designed to address the application of artificial intelligence technology and techniques to critical Navy and national problems.
A directory covering a range of subjects including artificial intelligence, artificial life, artificial neural networks, experts systems, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms and natural language processing
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